Description:
At the centre of an atom lies a nucleus, which consists of protons and neutrons. Because protons have a positive charge and neutrons have no charge, the overall charge of a nucleus is positive. The charge of a nucleus is balanced out by negatively charged electrons, which are arranged around it in shells. The charge of one proton is cancelled out by the charge of one electron - they have equal but opposite charges. In a stable atom, the overall charge is zero, meaning that there is an equal number of protons and electrons.